HỌC NHANH NGỮ PHÁP CƠ BẢN TUYỂN SINH LỚP 10
BASIC GRAMMAR
1.Modal verbs (động từ khiếm quyết)
Động từ khiếm quyết bao gồm: must, mustn’t, needn’t, shouldn’t, should, ought to, can , can’t, could, may, might
-Form :
+ S + modal verb + V (nguyên mẫu)
Ex : I can sing very well.
- S + modal verb + not + V + ………
Ex : Hoa may not come to the party tomorrow.
? Modal verb + S + V + ………….?
Ex : May I come in ?
2. Used to + V0
Đây là cấu trúc dùng để miêu tả thói quen thường xảy ra trong quá khứ.
Ex: When I was young, I used to look after my younger brothers.
Lưu ý: + Used to + Vo ->Chỉ thói quen trong quá khứ (past habit)
Ex: When he was a boy, he used to go swimming.
3/To be + used to+ V-ing
To be + used to+ V-ing ->Chỉ thói quen hoặc việc thường xảy ra ở hiện tại (present habit)
+ To get + used to+ V-ing -> Trở nên quen với.
Ex : I am used to reading in the library
4. To take someone to somewhere (a place)
(Đưa ai đi đến đâu, dẫn ai đi đến đâu)
Ex: My mother takes me to 29-3 park every weekend
5. Wish sentence:
Đây là câu tưởng tượng không có thật. Vì thế động từ không theo đúng thì của nó.
+ Hiện tại: S + V-ed / V2 (simple past)
Động từ tobe: dùng WERE cho các ngôi
+ Quá khứ S + had + V-ed / V3 (past participle)
+ Tương lai S + would / should / could + V1
Ex : I wish I spoke English fluently.
- We wish my mother had been here with us last year.
- - He wishes he would come to my party.
6. Câu bị động
*Hiện tại
Thì |
Chủ động |
Bị động |
Hiện tại đơn |
S + V1 + O My mother often washes clothes. |
S + be + V3 (+ by Sb/ O) Clothes are often washed by my mother. |
Hiện tại tiếp diễn |
S + am/ is/ are + Ving + O She is doing the chores. |
S + am/ is/ are + being + V3 (+ by Sb/ O) The chores are being done . |
Hiện tại hoàn thành |
S + have/ has + V3 + O John has washed his car since I went home . |
S + have/ has + been + V3 (+ by Sb/ O) His car has been washed by John since I went home. |
**Quá khứ
Thì |
Chủ động |
Bị động |
Quá khứ đơn |
S + V-ed + O My mother bought that car in 2010. |
S + was/ were + V3 (+ by Sb/ O) That car was bought by my mother in 2010. |
Quá khứ tiếp diễn |
S + was/ were + Ving + O Yesterday morning, Mary was watering the roses. |
S + was/ were + being + V3 (+ by Sb/ O) The roses were being watered by Mary yesterday morning. |
Quá khứ hoàn thành |
S + had + V3 + O Emma had cooked pastries before leaving. |
S + had + been + V3 (+ by Sb/ O) Pastries had been cooked by Emma before she left. |
***Tương lai
Thì |
Chủ động |
Bị động |
Tương lai đơn |
S + will Vo + O My cousin will feed her pets. |
S + will be + V3 (+ by Sb/ O) My cousin's pets will be fed. |
Tương lai tiếp diễn |
S + will be + Ving + O I will be washing dishes this time tomorrow. |
S + will be + being + V3 (+ by Sb/ O) Dishes will be being washed by me this time tomorrow.
|
Tương lai hoàn thành |
S + will have + V3 + O The students will have completed the project by the end of January. |
S + will have + been + V3 (+ by Sb/ O) The project will have been completed by the students by the end of January. |